Concern has been expressed that soy may adversely affect thyroid function in susceptible individuals by interfering with the absorption of synthetic thyroid hormone 9, 10. However, there is speculation that for certain subsets of the population soy foods and isoflavones may be detrimental. Public interest in the health benefits of soy isoflavones has led to the development of isoflavone supplements and the fortification of foods with isoflavones 7, 8. These glycosides can be hydrolyzed and deconjugated by β-glycosidases synthesized by intestinal bacteria to form biologically active aglycone forms of isoflavones, such as genistein and daidzein. They usually exist in food as biological inactive forms, such as genistin and daizin, which are present in soy as β-D-glycosides. Isoflavones are a subclass of common plant compounds called flavonoids. It is believed that isoflavones present in soy are the main active compounds that produce both hormonal and non-hormonal effects 7. The two main components of soy thought to be responsible for the proposed health benefits are soy protein and the soy isoflavones. Soy has been a staple in the diet in South and East Asian countries for many years and has become popular in Western countries as a result of the suggested health benefits that include protection against osteoporosis 1, cardiovascular diseases 2, diabetes 3, 4, breast cancer 5 and prostate cancer 6. Soy supplementation has no effect on the thyroid hormones and only very modestly raises TSH levels, the clinical significance, if any, of the rise in TSH is unclear. There was no evidence of publication bias. A total of 18 articles were suitable for review. Quantitative data synthesis was performed using a random-effects model, with standardized mean difference (SMD) and 95% confidence interval as summary statistics. The search included PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane and sources for the grey literature.
#Pre post correlation comprehensive meta analysis free
A systematic review and meta-analysis was undertaken on all randomised controlled trials of studies including soy as an intervention and where free triiodothyronine (fT3), free thyroxine (fT4) and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) was measured. The aim of this systematic review was to investigate the link between soy or soy product consumption and thyroid function via the measurement of thyroid hormone levels. Nevertheless, there are some concerns that soy can have a negative effect on thyroid function and can alter the levels of thyroid hormones. Post-operative complications pre-pectoral risk factors sub-glandular supra-pectoral.Soy foods have had an important dietary role in Asian countries for centuries, and in recent years they have become increasingly popular in Western countries as a result of their suggested health benefits. A meta-analysis of four studies comparing pre-pectoral (135 women/219 breasts) and dual-plane (230/408) reconstruction found no significant difference for likelihood of infection (odds ratio, 0.46 95% confidence interval, 0.16-1.30), explantation (0.83 0.29-2.38), necrosis (1.61 0.77-3.36), seroma (1.88 0.71-5.02), dehiscence (1.84 0.68-4.95), or capsular contracture (0.14 0.02-1.14).Ĭomplication rates are comparable following pre-pectoral and dual-plane reconstruction, indicating the pre-pectoral technique may be a feasible option for appropriate patients.
Significant correlation between previous radiation and flap necrosis, post-operative chemotherapy and infection, hypertension and flap necrosis, diabetes and dehiscence, and smoking and explantation were found.
The most common complications with pre-pectoral reconstruction were flap necrosis (7.8%), seroma (6.7%), capsular contracture (5.8%), and explantation (4.6%). A meta-analysis compared complication rates between pre-pectoral and dual-plane reconstruction.įourteen studies (406 women/654 breasts) were included. Linear relationships between complication rates and patient characteristics with pre-pectoral reconstruction were analyzed. Patient characteristics and outcomes were extracted from studies and pooled. This study provides an early assessment of outcomes with the technique.Ī comprehensive literature review was performed through searches of PubMed ® /MEDLINE ® to identify studies on pre-pectoral reconstruction.
Pre-pectoral breast reconstruction is an emerging surgical approach.
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